Etika Sains dan Filsafat Moral Pada Artificial Inteligence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64008/gpej.v2i1.56Keywords:
etika kecerdasan buatan, etika sains, filsafat moral, generative AI, tata kelola etikaAbstract
Perkembangan pesat kecerdasan buatan (AI) generatif telah menghadirkan tantangan etika yang signifikan dalam kerangka etika ilmiah dan filsafat moral. Meningkatnya ketergantungan pada keluaran yang dihasilkan AI menimbulkan kekhawatiran mengenai tanggung jawab moral, bias epistemik, dan batasan antara penalaran manusia dan kecerdasan mesin. Studi ini bertujuan untuk meneliti keterbatasan etika pemanfaatan AI melalui perspektif etika ilmiah dan filsafat moral. Metode tinjauan naratif digunakan untuk mensintesis literatur yang relevan tentang isu-isu etika dan filosofis seputar AI generatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui pencarian sistematis di basis data Scopus dan Google Scholar menggunakan kata kunci yang terkait dengan etika AI, filsafat moral, dan AI generatif. Proses tinjauan mengidentifikasi 12 artikel yang ditinjau sejawat yang secara eksplisit membahas kerangka kerja moral-filosofis dalam penerapan AI generatif. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa filsafat moral berfungsi sebagai batasan etika kritis dalam membimbing penggunaan AI yang bertanggung jawab, khususnya dalam meminimalkan bias kognitif dan mencegah penggantian penilaian manusia secara tidak kritis dengan keluaran algoritmik. Hasil penelitian lebih lanjut menunjukkan bahwa kendala etika tidak muncul dari keterbatasan teknologi AI itu sendiri, tetapi dari nilai-nilai moral yang berkembang yang mengatur adopsinya secara luas. Integrasi filsafat moral ke dalam tata kelola AI berkontribusi pada penyeimbangan kemajuan teknologi dengan penalaran etis yang berpusat pada manusia. Studi ini menyiratkan bahwa kerangka kerja etis dan filosofis sangat penting dalam mendefinisikan ruang lingkup penggunaan AI generatif yang diperbolehkan dan dalam memperkuat akuntabilitas, keadilan, dan tanggung jawab moral dalam masyarakat digital kontemporer.
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